What does an increase in kVp primarily influence in an x-ray exposure?

An increase in kilovolt peak (kVp) primarily influences the quality of radiation produced during an x-ray exposure. The kVp setting determines the maximum voltage applied across the x-ray tube, which impacts the energy of the x-ray photons generated.

When kVp is increased, the energy of the x-ray photons increases, leading to higher quality radiation. This means that x-rays can penetrate tissues more effectively, resulting in better image contrast and less scatter radiation. Higher energy photons contribute to a more detailed image by providing better differentiation between various tissues in the body.

In contrast, while an increase in kVp does influence the quantity of radiation (the number of x-rays produced), the primary effect is on the quality, which is defined by the penetrability and energy of the photons. This distinction is crucial in radiologic technology, as choosing the appropriate kVp affects imaging quality and patient dosage. Therefore, option B accurately captures the primary effect of increasing kVp in x-ray exposure settings.